How to Write Voice Over in a Screenplay: A Complete Guide

January 26, 2025

Voice overs are a powerful storytelling tool in screenwriting, often used to provide context, reveal inner thoughts, or guide the audience through a narrative. But how do you write a voice over in a screenplay effectively? In this guide, we’ll explore the proper formatting, scripting techniques, and creative tips for writing impactful voice overs. By the end, you’ll know exactly how to use this tool to elevate your screenplay.

1. What Is a Voice Over in a Screenplay?

A voice over (VO) is dialogue spoken by a character or narrator that is heard over a scene but not spoken on-screen. It’s often used to provide exposition, deliver inner monologues, or offer commentary on the story.

Examples of voice overs include:

  • The opening narration in Forrest Gump, where Forrest reflects on his life.
  • Internal thoughts of characters, like in Taxi Driver, where Travis Bickle’s voice over adds depth to his character.
  • Expository narration, as seen in The Shawshank Redemption, with Red narrating Andy’s story.
A script showing a voice over format with a microphone in the background

2. How to Format Voice Over in a Screenplay

Proper formatting is crucial when writing voice overs to ensure clarity for directors, actors, and production teams. Follow these steps:

1. Use the Parenthetical "(V.O.)"

When a character speaks in voice over, add the parenthetical "(V.O.)" next to their name in the dialogue header.


EXT. CITY STREET - NIGHT

JANE (V.O.)
When I first moved to this city, I didn’t know what to expect. 
Everything felt overwhelming, yet full of possibilities.

2. Describe the Scene

The action description should match what the audience sees while the voice over is being heard. Provide enough detail to establish the setting and mood.

3. Keep It Concise

Voice overs should enhance the story without overshadowing the visual elements. Avoid lengthy monologues unless they serve a specific purpose.

3. Writing Tips for Effective Voice Overs

Crafting a compelling voice over requires more than just formatting. Here are some tips to ensure your voice overs enhance the story:

1. Match the Tone

Ensure the voice over matches the tone of your screenplay. For example, a comedic script may use humorous voice overs, while a drama might use introspective narration.

2. Show, Don’t Tell

Avoid overloading the audience with unnecessary exposition. Use the voice over to complement the visuals, not replace them. For instance:


JANE (V.O.)
The city was alive, buzzing with energy, yet I felt invisible.

This pairs well with visuals of a bustling city and Jane walking alone.

3. Use Voice Overs Sparingly

Too many voice overs can feel lazy or redundant. Use them strategically to add depth or context where needed.

4. Crafting a Voice Over Script

When writing a voice over script, focus on the following:

  • Clarity: Write in a way that’s easy for the actor to interpret and perform.
  • Pacing: Ensure the voice over aligns with the visuals in terms of timing and rhythm.
  • Emotion: Voice overs should evoke a reaction, whether it’s empathy, laughter, or tension.

5. Examples of Voice Overs in Action

Let’s look at how some iconic films have used voice overs effectively:

  • Forrest Gump: Forrest’s voice over creates an emotional connection and provides insight into his character’s journey.
  • Goodfellas: Henry Hill’s narration adds depth to the criminal world and guides the audience through the story.
  • Fight Club: The unnamed narrator’s voice over reflects his inner conflict and builds tension throughout the film.
Properly formatted screenplay for a voice over narration

6. Tools to Help You Write Voice Overs

Writing voice overs becomes much easier with the right tools. The Screenplay Writer Google Docs add-on helps you format voice overs seamlessly, ensuring your script meets professional standards. It also allows real-time collaboration and automatic formatting to save time and effort.

Watch the Screenplay Writer Demo

Conclusion

Writing voice overs in a screenplay requires both technical precision and creative storytelling. By following proper formatting, using voice overs strategically, and leveraging tools like the Screenplay Writer, you can create scripts that captivate both audiences and industry professionals. Ready to start your screenplay? Begin your journey today and let your voice (and your characters’) shine!

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